In this study, population development of ceroplastes floridensis hemiptera. Chapter 01plant diseases, insects and weeds declaration of. Six species of hymenopterous primary parasites together with one secondary parasite. An ceroplastes floridensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga ceroplastes, ngan familia nga coccidae. Andersen, in encyclopedia of insects second edition, 2009. Coccus capparidis green kiribati south pacific williams and watson, 1990. Pdf managing menace of insect pests on custard apple. Coccus acutissimus green western samoa williams and watson, 1990. Ceroplastes floridensis, population fluctuation, citrus, grapefruit, orange. Aleurodicus dispersus, ceroplastes floridensis, coccus viridis, ferrisia virgata, kilifia acuminata.
Phenology ceroplastes floridensis comstock homoptera. Six species of hymenopterous primary parasites together with one secondary parasite were found onl. An ceroplastes floridensis in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni comstock hadton 1881. Florida wax scale ceroplastes floridensis comstock. Scale insects, edition 2, a tool for the identification of. Surveys of ceroplastes floridensis and the parasitoids attacking it were carried out in 2 citrus orchards in israel in 198387.
Fiji, kiribati south pacific williams and watson, 1990. Inhibitory effects of some insect growth regulators on developmental stages, fecundity and fertility of the florida wax scale,ceroplastes floridensis. The scale is highly convex, somewhat angular, and oval. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Although extensively distributed worldwide, the fig wax scale, ceroplastes rusci linnaeus, was first discovered in. Detections of ceratitis malgassa andor bactrocera dorsalis in previously known infested areas from 30 days before harvest will necessitate a chemical control. Ceroplastes vinsonii signoret 1872 benday 2012 cerostegia floridensis comstock, gimpel et al. Ceroplastes japonicus should be distinguished from the closely related c. A method was developed for mass rearing the florida wax scale fws, ceroplasta floridensis comstock an important pest of citrus and other. This is a list of 4 species in the genus ceroplastes, wax scales ceroplastes species. Microterys flavus, metaphycus flavus, moranila californica and scutellista cyanea were also recorded. Fws develops two generations per year, which on sandy soil appear earlier and develop faster. Pdf population development of ceroplastes floridensis on. Clove, syzygium aromaticum, is a monoecious both male and female flowers on the same plant evergreen tree in the family myrtaceae grown for its aromatic flowers.
Rapid diagnosis of the invasive wax scale, ceroplastes. These scales are found on the upper or lower surfaces of leaves and also on fruits. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i coi sequences or dna barcodes and the. The present work deals with the prediction of the populations of citrus wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis during 2050 and 2100 years compared with the pest populations of 2012 as well as the different effect of temperature on populations of 2000 and. Field key to identification of scale insects on holly ilex. Red wax scale, ceroplastes rubens maskell, was first found in florida at an orange county nursery on the foliage and stem of greenhousegrown aglaonema pictum var.
Mass rearing of the florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis, for. Body oval or slightly elongate to oval, strongly convex or hemispherical. Although extensively distributed worldwide, the fig wax scale, ceroplastes rusci linnaeus, was first discovered in florida at several nursery and stock dealers in 1994 and 1995. On astypalaea there were 2 generations a year, the crawlers being present in mayjune and septemberoctober, respectively. General biology and current management approaches of soft. Phenology of the florida wax scale,ceroplastes floridensis comstock homoptera. The population fluctuations of the parasites of both insects were studied during a whole year. Federal register decision to authorize the importation of. The exoskeleton serves also as a waterimpermeable barrier, protecting the insect against desiccation. A new species of ceroplastes from florida hemiptera. An important function for the exoskeleton is to act as a barrier preventing microorganisms from access to.
Ceroplastes ceriferus fabricius indian wax scale ceroplastes floridensis comstock soft scale ceroplastes rubens maskell ink wax scale ceroplastes rusci linnaeus fi wax scale chrysomphalus aonidum linnaeus circular scale chrysomphalus dictyospermi morgan dictysopermum scale dysmicoccus brevipes cockerell pineapple meal bu. Pdf ceroplastes cirripediformis comstock is collected for the first time from egypt. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Ceroplastes ceriferus an overview sciencedirect topics. The many branches of the tree are semierect with smooth oval shaped leaves. This page was last edited on 21 february 2020, at 07. Ceroplastes gray wax scales is one of the genera of coccidae, most species of which are considered to be serious economic pests. The main part of the barrier is located in the waxcovered epicuticle. Coccidae, pseudococcidae, ortheziidae, and monophlebidae. Ceroplastes floridensis comstock an important pest of. Population development of ceroplastes floridensis on. Coccidae on marshseedless variety of grapefruit, valencia and jaffa varieties of orange in citrus orchard of bat. Figure 5, florida wax ceroplastes floridensis, mango aulacaspis tubercularis figures 6, 7, and 8, plumose morganella longispina, florida red chrysomphalus aonidum and dictyospermum chrysomphalus dictyospermi infest mango.
Pdf life table parameters of ceroplastes floridensis. Pdf taxonomic and ecological studies on the new record. Parasitism of florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis. An ceroplastes cirripediformis in nahilalakip ha genus nga ceroplastes, ngan familia nga coccidae. Keywords ceroplastes floridensis, population fluctuation, citrus, grapefruit, orange. When viewed from the side, older females look convex and young females appear flat. Ceroplastes floridensis comstock an important pest of citrus. The florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock, is one of the most commonly. Nov 29, 2015 this page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 01. Economic thershold level of the citrus scale, ceroplastes floridensis comst. The main characters used to distinguish the two species are the number and different arrangements of stigmatic setae along the body margin.
In the homoptera, mulder and gijswijt 1973 found that diflubenzuron was inefficient against aphis fabae scopoli homoptera, aphididae and peleg and gothilf 1981 also indicated the inefficiency of this compound against the soft scales, saissetia oleae olivier and ceroplastes floridensis comstock, as well as to the 1st and 2ndinstar. There were five recorded ceroplastes species in egyptian fauna, they are. This page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 01. An ceroplastes cirripediformis in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni comstock hadton 1881. An ceroplastes sinensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga ceroplastes, ngan familia nga coccidae. Principle of inspection procedure the principle of inspection according to a specific rate for fruit must be based on a sample of 143 packing units for a consignment of 2000 packinq units or less. Ceroplastes floridensis differs by having the anterior and posterior clusters of stigmatic setae separated by thin marginal setae these are contiguous in c. Large amounts of honeydew are secreted by the scales. Body convex, circular or irregular in outline, and covered with thick white or pinkish white wax. The branches end with a 34 flowers near the tip with one terminal flower and the others opening below it.
The phenology of the florida wax scale ceroplastes floridensis was studied on grapefruit trees in three citrusgrowing regions of israel the jord. Pdf in this study, population development of ceroplastes floridensis hemiptera. Inhibitory effects of some insect growth regulators on. Declaration of pests that are public nuisances andor especially injurious. Coccidae on marshseedless variety of grapefruit, valencia and jaffa varieties of. Ang ceroplastes cirripediformis sakop sa kahenera nga ceroplastes sa kabanay nga coccidae. Survival data, development and reproduction period of ceroplastes floridensis on cucurbita moschata were collected at temperatures of 15, 20, 25.
Insecta, hemimetabola, hemiptera, sternorrhyncha, coccoidea, coccidae. This collection was a new florida and continental united states record of an introduced plant pest. Florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock1 edis. Ceroplastes vinsonii signoret, 1872, is regarded as a nomen oblitum, and therefore becomes a new synonym of ceroplastes floridensis comstock, 1881. Crawler phenology and generation development of the. Survival data, development and reproduction period of ceroplastes floridensis on cucurbita moschata were collected at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30c, relative humidity 655%, and photoperiod.
Espesye sa insekto ang ceroplastes cirripediformis. Passiflora edulis purple passion fruit, purple granadilla, p. Cdfa stated that, in addition to the 23 pests identified as being of quarantine significance, there were another 12 pests listed on the pest list that were rated as either an a pest or b pest according to cdfas pest rating system. Phenology of the florida wax scale,ceroplastes floridensis. The color is white, sometimes with a pinkish cast, becoming dirty white with age. Nov 21, 2019 thinning populations of the florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock coccidae, by use of potassium nitrate and spray oil, as an option in ipm of citrus groves in israel. Ang ceroplastes floridensis sakop sa kahenera nga ceroplastes sa kabanay nga coccidae. Phytosanitary import requirements for importation of litchi spp. Appearance of florida wax scale fws crawlers in citrus groves planted in sandy soil preceded that in groves planted in loam. An insect growth regulator igr, organophosphates and a carbamate, when applied against coccids, were very toxic to a, ceroplastae. This scale insect has only recently been introduced into greece and has so far only been found on citrus there. Fws develops two generations per year, which on sandy.
Mean age, as expressed by weighted developmental stage, yielded a linear regression with time. Coccus acutissimus green mauritius williams and williams, 1988. Fig wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock citrus. On the population dynamics of ceroplastes floridensis comstock on guava trees in egypt. The government printing works will not be held responsible for the quality of hard copies or electronic files submitted for publication purposes. Florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock. Unusual sesterterpenoids from the secretion of ceroplastes. However, identification of ceroplastes species is always difficult owing to the shortage of easily distinguishable morphological characters. Ceroplastes floridensis the adult female is covered with a thick layer of soft wax. The florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock, is one of the most commonly encountered soft scales throughout the southern united states, where it is a serious pest of citrus and several ornamental plants, like holly. Japanese wax scale will resemble florida wax scale ceroplastes floridenis in the field. Population fluctuations on parasites of lepidosaphes beckii.
Proceedings of the vii international symposium of scale insect studies, held in bet dagan, israel, june 1217 1994. Twentytwo scale insect species are new records on avocado for colombia of which nine species are. Clove diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. Government gazette staatskoerant republic of south africa republiek van suidafrika regulation gazette no. Crawler phenology and generation development of the florida. Phenology of the florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis. Two generations of the pest were produced each year.
Coccidae introduction distribution description biology host plants economic importance management selected references introduction back to top. The duration of crawler presence was longer on citrus in loam than in sandy soil. Areas that undergo a dry season are good for flowering but the tree must be planted in an area with deep, fertile soil to limit water stress. Ceroplastes floridensis comstock, israel avidov and harpaz, 1969. Chapter 01plant diseases, insects and weeds declaration. Management practices carried out over a wide area are essential. Dna barcoding of six ceroplastes species hemiptera. Thinning populations of the florida wax scale, ceroplastes floridensis comstock coccidae, by use of potassium nitrate and spray oil, as an option in ipm of citrus groves in israel. Federal register decision to authorize the importation. Comstock diaspididae, ceroplastes rubens maskell, coccus hesperidum l. Clove trees grow optimally at temperatures between 16 and 27c 6580f in rich loamy, well draining soil.
Packed litchi and packaging are to be protected from pest contamination during and after packing, during storage and during movement between locations. Rapid diagnosis of the invasive wax scale, ceroplastes rusci. Population fluctuations on parasites of lepidosaphes. Coccidae greg hodges florida state collection of arthropods florida department of agriculture and consumer services p. Field key to identification of scale insects on holly. The most abundant parasitoid was tetrastichus ceroplastae aprostocetus ceroplastae. Adult florida wax scales, ceroplastes floridensis comstock. Synonymy ceroplastes vinsonii signoret 1872 benday 2012 cerostegia floridensis comstock, gimpel et al. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
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